(C) Northwestern University
樹状細胞(緑色)が乳酸杆菌(小さい青色の点)を取り込み,乳酸杆菌がワクチンを放出
痛い注射の代わりに,飲むヨーグルトで予防接種ができるようになるかもしれない。ヨーグルトやチーズに含まれる体に良い細菌,プロバイオティクスを利用した「飲むワクチン」が開発されつつある。動物実験では,このワクチンを使った炭疽菌の予防接種が効果を示したという。小腸には免疫反応の司令官の役割を果たす樹状細胞があるため,ここにワクチンを送り込むのが効果的だが,通常,飲んだワクチンは腸に届く前に分解されてしまう。プロバイオティクスはこれを防ぎ,注射より強力な予防効果を発揮することから,乳癌など癌の予防にも応用できるという。(吉田素子)
Instead of a dreaded(1) injection(2) with a needle, someday getting vaccinated(3) against disease may be as pleasant as drinking a yogurt(4) smoothie(5).
A researcher(6) from the Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine has developed a new oral(7) vaccine(8) using probiotics(9), the healthy bacteria(10) that are found in dairy products(11) like yogurt and cheese. He has successfully(12) used the approach in a preclinical(13) study to create immunity(14) to anthrax(15) exposure(16). He also is using the method to develop a breast cancer(17) vaccine and vaccines for various infectious diseases(18).
This new generation(19) vaccine has big benefits beyond eliminating(20) the "Ouch(21)!" factor. Delivering the vaccine to the gut(22) -- rather than injecting(23) it into a muscle -- harnesses(24) the full power of the body's primary immune(25) force, which is located in the small intestine(26).
"This is potentially(27) a great advance in the way we give vaccines to people," said Mansour Mohamadzadeh, the lead author(28) and an associate professor(29) of medicine in gastroenterology(30) at the Feinberg School.
“You swallow the vaccine, and the bacteria colonize(31) your intestine(32) and start to produce the vaccine in your gut," Mohamadzadeh said. "Then it's quickly dispatched(33) throughout your body. If you can activate(34) the immune system(35) in your gut, you get a much more powerful immune response(36) than by injecting it. The pathogenic(37) bacteria will be eliminated faster."
Most vaccines consist of(38) protein(39) and won’t maintain their effectiveness(40) after being digested by the stomach. However, the lactobacillus(41) protects the vaccine until it is in the small intestine.
(1) 恐ろしい (2) 注射 (3) 予防接種を受けること (4) ヨーグルト (5) スムージー(果物などを
ミキサーにかけた飲み物) (6) 研究者 (7) 経口投与の (8) ワクチン (9) プロバイオティクス
(腸内細菌のバランスを整える微生物) (10) 細菌 (11) 乳製品 (12) 成功裏に (13) 前臨床
(14) 免疫 (15) 炭疽菌 (16) 曝露 (17) 乳癌 (18) 感染症 (19) 新世代の (20) 取り除くこと
(21) 痛い!(間投詞) (22) 消化管 (23) 注射すること (24) ~を活かす (25) 免疫の (26) 小腸
(27) 潜在的に (28) 主執筆者 (29) 准教授 (30) 胃腸病学 (31) ~にコロニーを形成する
(32) 腸 (33) 送られる (34) 活性化する (35) 免疫機構 (36) 免疫応答 (37) 病原性の
(38) ~から成る (39) タンパク質 (40) 有効性 (41) 乳酸杆菌

