(C) Cleveland Clinic
手術中の様子
米国初のほぼ完全な顔面移植が，オハイオ州のクリーブランドクリニックで行われた。患者は顔にひどい外傷を受けた女性で，鼻と口蓋がなく，自力では食べることも息をすることもできなかった。今回の手術では，上まぶた，額，下唇，顎を除く顔面の80％が移植された。手術は，皮膚，筋肉，骨といった違う種類の組織を一体化させる非常に複雑なもので，22時間にも及んだ。この患者は回復後，元通りに食べたり話したりできるようになると考えられている。（吉田素子）
A multi-disciplinary(1) team of doctors and surgeons(2) at Cleveland Clinic recently performed the first near-total(3) face transplant(4) in the United States.
In a 22-hour procedure(5) performed within the past two weeks, surgeons transplanted(6) 80 percent of a woman’s face who suffered severe facial(7) trauma(8) – essentially replacing her entire face, except for her upper eyelids(9), forehead(10), lower lip and chin. For the privacy(11) and protection of those involved, no information will be released on the patient, the donor(12) or their families. (A written statement from the patient’s sibling(13) is available at http://www.clevelandclinic.org/lp/face_transplant/default.htm.)
This is the largest and most complex face transplant in the world, integrating(14) different functional components(15) such as nose and lower eyelids, as well as different tissue(16) types including, skin, muscles, bony(17) structures, arteries(18), veins(19) and nerves(20).
“This work demonstrates the Cleveland Clinic’s commitment(21) to improving the lives of patients through innovation(22),” said Delos M. “Toby” Cosgrove, M.D., President and CEO(23), Cleveland Clinic. “By advancing scientific research in microsurgery(24) and transplantation(25), Cleveland Clinic is setting new standards of care. I’m extremely proud of the team who worked tirelessly(26) to make a difference(27) in this patient’s life.”
The transplant team was led by Maria Siemionow, M.D., Ph.D., Director of Plastic Surgery(28) Research and Head of Microsurgery Training, who received worldwide(29) attention(30) in November 2004 when the Clinic’s Institutional Review Board(31) (IRB) announced that face transplantation is both ethical(32) and possible by approving the first protocol(33) for the surgery(34). Siemionow, a highly regarded(35) scientist, has dedicated(36) her professional(37) life to researching and developing the methods doctors could use to substantially(38) help patients with severe facial disfiguration(39).
(1) 学際的 (2) 外科医 (3) ほぼ完全な (4) 移植 (5) 手術，処置 (6) 移植した (7) 顔の (8) 外傷
(9) 上まぶた (10) 額 (11) プライバシー (12) ドナー（提供者） (13) 兄弟 (14) 一体化して
(15) 機能的要素 (16) 組織 (17) 骨の (18) 動脈 (19) 静脈 (20) 神経 (21) 全力を注ぐこと
(22) （技術などの）革新 (23) 最高経営責任者 (24) マイクロサージェリー，顕微手術 (25) 移植
(26) 休むことなく (27)（良い）影響をもたらす (28) 形成外科 (29) 世界的な (30)（receive～）
注目を集めた (31) 施設内倫理委員会 (32) 倫理的な (33) プロトコル（計画書）(34) 手術
(35) 高く評価されている (36)（～one’s life to A）Aに一生を捧げた (37) 職業上の (38) 大いに
(39) 変形
